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Imperfections in welds

Aluminium and its alloys can be readily welded providing appropriate precautions are taken. The most likely imperfections in fusion welds are

  • Porosity
  • Cracking
  • Poor weld bead profile
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Types- Weldability of materials

Some of the more complex alloys in low strength, can have mechanical properties equivalent to steels. The various types of aluminium alloy are identified and guidance is given on fabricating components without impairing corrosion and mechanical properties of the material or introducing imperfections into the weld.

  • Material types
  • Aluminium alloy types
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Supermartensitic 13% Cr large diameter seamless pipes: Mechanical corrosion & Weldability properties

The demand for weldable 13%Cr pipes with outside diameter such as 18", 20" and 24" has increased greatly. Considering such a requirement, Dalmine and NKK have developed a new production route for OD 20" pipes. Girth welded joints (GTAW) were produced. The mechanical properties of both base material and welded joints meet the target requirements.

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Influence of HCl in the atmosphere on hot corrosion of Ni-Cr-Mo alloy

Under a Coating of Molten NaCl-KCl-Na2SO4

Hot corrosion behavior of Ni-10mass%Cr alloys having several Mo content under a molten NaCl-KCl-Na2SO4 mixture in 75vol%O2-N2 atmosphere containing 0.1vol%HCl was examined by thermogravimetry, chemical analyses of scale formed on the alloys and electrochemical technique.

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Influence of HCl corrosion on the mechanical properties of concrete

Corrosion damage in three types of concrete (C25, C45, and C55), resulting from HCl with various contents, was investigated by comparing the mechanical properties of different types of concrete and their corrosion damage.

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The Humidity and corrosion in steel

Corrosion, or the oxidation of metal, can occurs by the presence of moisture in the air. A high Relative Humidity causes a thin layer of water vapour molecules to settle on the surface of the metal, thus supplying an electrolyte to the corrosion process.

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Heat Recovery in Sulfur,Sulfuric Acid Plants

SULFUR RECOVERY PLANTS
In sulfur plants,sulfur is recovered from hydrogen sulfide present in natural gas.There are several processes for this conversion,which is basically called the Claus process.

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Du Pont acid dissolves problems

In 1940s, Du Pont developed a process to make ethylene glycol, or antifreeze, from hydroxyacetic (glycolic) acid. Over the next 30 years, the company developed other markets for glycolic acid, and in the mid-1970s, when more cost-effective methods of producing antifreeze had been discovered, the company opted to continue making the product for its growing list of new applications.

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Zirconium and sulfuric acid material selection equation

Zirconium is one of the few metals that resist attack by sulfuric acid at all concentrations to 70% and temperatures to boiling and above. These conditions are so corrosive to metals that most chemical processes are designed to circumvent them. In some cases, however, efficiency of operations and product yields dictate operating parameters that are in this envelope where sulfuric acid is extremely aggressive.

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Sulfuric Acid Dewpoint Temperature Monitoring
 Combustion Plant-

There are 3 main areas where sulfuric acid dewpoint temperature measurement can have major benefit:

  • Process Control
  • Thermal Efficiency
  • Emissions Control

 

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Zirconium Demonstrates Corrosion Resistance in Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)

Zirconium and alloys of it, have found increased use in sulfuric acid service in media where many other engineering materials have fallen short.

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Hydrogen attack corrosion in Boiler

Hydrogen embrittlement in boiler

Hydrogen embrittlement of mild steel boiler tubing occurs in high-pressure boilers (above 10 bars), when atomic hydrogen forms at the boiler tube surface as a result of corrosion.

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MIC of copper- caused by Enterobacter sp

Microbiologically induced corrosion of copper intrauterine devices “TCu380A” and “Nova T” by Enterobacter sp. in a synthetic intrauterine medium was investigated.

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Microbial Influenced Corrosion (MIC)- Bacteria as microorganism

Potentially corrosive species produced by various types of bacteria include sulfuric acid, organic acids, enzymes and sulfur containing compounds. Given the right conditions, bacteria populations can undergo explosive growth, as can be illustrated in a simplistic growth model.

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Microbial influenced corrosion of copper (Cu) - caused by bacteria

In the final repository, the canister must be protected against corrosion.  Above all oxygen and sulphide ions (S2-) of the substances, which are present in the groundwater, can cause corrosion of the canister. Oxygen can react with copper and form copper oxides. The sulphide ions form copper sulphide when they react with the copper.

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